mathematics

Math Monday: Found objects

Math Monday: Found objects

By George Hart for the Museum of Mathematics Making geometric structures from commonly-found objects can result in some interesting effects. Here, sixty bicycle reflectors are joined into a spherical geometric construction by Nick Sayers. To connect them, he drilled four holes in each and fastened them together with small cable ties. Another example is this […]

Math Monday: Kirigami polyhedra

Math Monday: Kirigami polyhedra

By George Hart for the Museum of Mathematics Kirigami is a traditional art of cutting paper. Ulrich Mikloweit takes it a step further by assembling many pieces of kirigami into intricate mathematical models. This is a snub dodecadodecahedron made from 924 cut and colored facets. Ulrich has dedicated years to making hundreds of such hand-cut […]

Spirograph from old CD-ROM

Spirograph from old CD-ROM

I had the very great pleasure of meeting Ari Krupnik at the recent Bay Area Maker Faire. Among other cool toys, Ari was showing off his “RecycloGraph,” which is a two-piece Spirograph (Wikipedia) milled from an old CD on Ari’s ShopBot. Once he’s milled the profile, Ari turns the plastic over and etches words or graphics in the metal foil using a CNC laser. Ari’s selling them now using a “name your price” PayPal widget on his website.

Math Monday: Mathematical lathe work

Math Monday: Mathematical lathe work

By George Hart for the Museum of Mathematics A lathe is used to turn wood into baseball bats, spindles, and other shapes with rotational symmetry. It can also be applied to making many types of mathematical models. Bob Rollings made this construction from spindles that form the edges of an icosahedron inside of a dodecahedron. […]

Oloid-shaped gold bar

Oloid-shaped gold bar

This is a limited edition 1.000 kg solid gold bar from German designer Martin Saemmer. Its shape is mathematically interesting because, at least in its ideal form, it will “develop” its entire surface area when rolled. In other words, if you were to let it roll down an inclined plane covered with paint, its entire surface would be covered when it got to the bottom. It belongs to a class of shapes, all sharing this property, which can be characterized as the convex hull of two perpendicular circles or sectors, which is a fancy way of describing the surface you’d get if you were to shrink-wrap two disks positioned at right angles to one another on the same axis. Oloids and sphericons are members of the same class, but each term implies a specific relationship between the radii of the two disks and the distance between their centers. The familiar two-circle roller or wobbler (an example of which we showed you how to make make from two coins back in MAKE 15) is basically the same thing but without the “shrink-wrap.”

Math Monday: Modular Kirigami

Math Monday: Modular Kirigami

By George Hart for the Museum of Mathematics With paper and scissors and patience, you can make an amazing variety of mathematical forms. The paper sculpture below consists of twenty identical components that form a complex linkage. They lock together without glue in a very symmetric arrangement. If you want to try this, the template […]